Cut-out Animation

Phi Phenomenon

The Phi Phenomenon is a perpetual illuision in which a disembodied perception of motion is produced by a succession of still images. In discussion of the perception of film and video it is often confused with beta movement, but it is a distinct phenomenon not directly involved in the perception of motion pictures.

An example of

a beta movement

A zeotrope is one example of a Phi Phenomenon.

(Click on the images to show the movement - gif files)

Zeotropes

A zeotrope is a device used for animation. It makes motion pictures using rotating images viewed through occasional slits to give it a moving feel.

A Zoetrope is a device used since the 1800. It creates an illusion from a rapid series of static pictures in order to create moving images. The Zoetrope is shaped like a barrel with slits cut vertically on the sides going around it, inside, is a strip of images which are divided into individual frames, these can easily be changed according to the persons desire. As the device spins the user looks through the slits and sees a rapid series of images producing the illusion of motion.

To use the zoetrope, grip the salad spinner lid in your left hand. With your right hand rotate the handle so that the bowl spins counterclockwise. Hold the zoetrope level, or slightly tilted to the right, to prevent the screws from clicking underneath. As you spin the bowl, look through the slits into the bowl to view the moon rapidly go through its phases.

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